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ODP, GWP, Safety Classification of Common Refrigerants

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The indicators of the impact of refrigerants on the global environment mainly include ozone depletion potential (ODP) and global warming potential (GWP). In addition to the impact on the environment, refrigerants should also have acceptable safety to protect people’s lives and property.

ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential)

ODP represents the ratio of the ability of chlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere to destroy the ozone layer to the ability of R11 to destroy the ozone layer, and the ODP of R11 is 1.0. The smaller the ODP value, the better the environmental characteristics of the refrigerant. Based on current levels, refrigerants with ODP values ​​less than or equal to 0.05 are considered acceptable.

GWP (Global Warming Potential)

GWP is an indicator of the climate impact caused by greenhouse gas emissions, indicating that in a certain period of time (20 years, 100 years, 500 years), the greenhouse effect of a certain greenhouse gas corresponds to the mass of CO2 with the same effect, and the GWP of CO2=1.0. Usually, GWP is calculated based on 100 years, which is recorded as GWP100. Both the Montreal Protocol and the Kyoto Protocol use GWP100.

Safety Classification of Refrigerants

The refrigerant should have acceptable safety, which mainly includes toxicity and flammability. The national standard “Refrigerant Numbering Method and Safety Classification” GB/T 7778-2017 classifies the toxicity of refrigerants into Class A (low chronic toxicity), Class B (high chronic toxicity), and class 1 ( No flame spread), Class 2L (weakly possible), Class 2 (possible), Class 3 (flammable and explosive). According to GB/T 7778-2017, refrigerant safety is subdivided into 8 categories, namely: A1, A2L, A2, A3, B1, B2L, B2, B3, among which, A1 is the safest and B3 is the most dangerous.

The ODP, GWP, and safety classification of common refrigerants are as follows:

ModelCompositionODPGWPSafety Class
R22Chlorodifluoromethane0.0341760A1
R134a1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane01300A1
R404aR-125/143a/134a03940A1
R406aR-22/600a/142b0.041780A2
R407cR-32/125/134a01920A1
R410aR-32/12501920A1
R507aR-125/143a03990A1
R290Propane05A3
R600aIsobutane04A3

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