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What are the Commonly Used Cryogenic Refrigerants?
- December 5, 2022
- Fonsum
Refrigerant is the working substance of the refrigeration cycle in the refrigeration device. Its working principle is that the refrigerant absorbs the heat of the cooled substance in the evaporator and evaporates, and transfers the absorbed heat to the surrounding air or water in the condenser, and is cooled into a liquid. This reciprocating cycle achieves the effect of refrigeration. Commonly used ultra-low temperature refrigerant oils R13, R14, R508B, R23.
R13 refrigerant
R13, trifluorochloromethane, chemical formula CClF3. Since R13 belongs to CFC substances, it has damage to the ozone layer and has a greenhouse effect. Therefore, in developed countries and some developing countries, the initial installation of new refrigeration equipment or the addition of old equipment has been stopped. China stopped the production and use of R13 refrigerant in 2007.
As a widely used ultra-low temperature refrigerant, R13 is mainly used in cryogenic equipment such as ultra-low temperature refrigerators or freezers, blood bank refrigerators, freeze dryers/freeze dryers, environmental test chambers/equipment (cold and thermal shock testing machines), biochemical test chambers, etc. (including scientific research refrigeration, medical refrigeration, etc.), it is mostly used in the low-temperature section of these cascade refrigeration systems. Chlorotrifluoromethane can also be used as a fire-extinguishing agent.
R508B (SUVA 95) Refrigerant
R508B refrigerant, SUVA 95, Genetron 508B, etc. are environmentally friendly azeotropic refrigerants that do not contain CFC and HCFC substances that destroy the ozone layer. R508B has been recognized and recommended by most countries in the world as the mainstream ultra-low temperature environmentally friendly refrigerant and is widely used in the initial installation and re-addition of new refrigeration equipment (ultra-low temperature, cryogenic) and maintenance. It meets the standards of EPA, SNAP, and UL of the US environmental protection organization, and meets the A1 safety level category of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), which is the highest level and is harmless to the human body.
R508B is widely used as an ultra-low-temperature refrigerant. Due to the good comprehensive performance of R508B, it becomes a very effective and safe substitute for R13, R503, and R23. It is mainly used in environmental test chambers/equipment (hot and cold shock testing machines), freeze dryers/freeze dryers, ultra-low temperature refrigerators or freezers, blood bank refrigerators, biochemical test chambers, and other cryogenic equipment (including scientific research refrigeration, medical refrigeration, etc.). The cooling temperature of R508B can drop to -80℃ or even lower, and it is completely suitable for the working environment of R503.
R14 refrigerant
R14 refrigerant (Freon 14), Carbon Tetrafluoride or Tetrafluoromethane, molecular formula CF4. R14 belongs to the HFC class of substances, which does not damage the ozone layer but has a greenhouse effect. At present, there are no restrictions on the production and sales of R14 refrigerant, as well as the initial installation of new refrigeration equipment and the re-addition of after-sales equipment.
As a special ultra-low temperature refrigerant, R14 is mainly used in cryogenic equipment that requires very low temperatures (including scientific research refrigeration, medical refrigeration, etc.). R14 is also an important component of ultra-low temperature refrigerants.
R23 refrigerant
As a widely used ultra-low temperature refrigerant, R23 is a very effective and safe substitute for R13 and R503 due to its good comprehensive performance.
Since R23 is an HFC substance, it does not destroy the ozone layer at all. It is an environmentally friendly refrigerant recognized and recommended by most countries in the world, and it is also one of the mainstream environmentally friendly refrigerants.
R23 is most commonly used in cascade systems at an evaporation temperature of -40°C – -80°C and condensation temperatures of approx. -10°C – -40°C, such as medical freezers and environmental chambers.
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